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Goodman Beaver is a comics character created by American cartoonist Harvey Kurtzman. Goodman was a naïve and optimistic Candide-like character, oblivious to the corruption and degeneration around him. The stories were vehicles for biting social satire and pop culture parody. Except for the character's first appearance, which Kurtzman did alone, the stories were written by Kurtzman and drawn by Will Elder. Goodman first appeared in a story in Harvey Kurtzman's Jungle Book in 1959, but the best-remembered strips were the five stories produced by the Kurtzman–Elder team in 1961–62 for the Kurtzman-edited magazine Help! They tended to be in the parodic style Kurtzman had developed when he wrote and editedMad in the 1950s, but with more pointed, adult-oriented satire and much more refined and detailed artwork on Elder's part, crammed with countless visual gags. The best-known of the Goodman Beaver stories was "Goodman Goes Playboy" (1962). A satire on the hedonistic lifestyle of Hugh Hefner using parodies of Archie comics characters, the story led to a lawsuit fromArchie's publisher, although Hefner, the actual target of the strip, found it amusing. (Full article...)

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Aleeta curvicosta, commonly called the floury baker or floury miller, is a species of cicada native to the eastern coastline of Australia. Described in 1834 by Ernst Friedrich Germar, it is currently the only described species in the genus Aleeta. The floury baker's distinctive appearance and loud call make it popular with children. Both the common and genus name are derived from the white, flour-like filaments covering the adult body. Its body and eyes are generally brown with pale patterns. Its forewings have dark brown patches at the base of two of their apical cells. The female is larger than the male, and both grow larger in regions of higher rainfall. The male has a loud and complex call generated by the frequent buckling of ribbed tymbals and amplified by abdominal air sacs. The floury baker is solitary and occurs in low densities. Individuals emerge from the soil between November and February, and can be seen until May. They inhabit a variety of trees, with a preference for paperbark. The floury baker, which is a relatively poor flier, is preyed upon bycicada killer wasps and a wide variety of birds, and can succumb to a cicada-specific fungal disease. (Full article...) Recently featured: Faryl – Sholay – Persoonia lanceolata Archive – By email – More featured articles...

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From Wikipedia's new and recently improved content: ... that geneticist Adam Rutherford (pictured), host of the BBC Radio 4 program Inside Science, is the author of a book that can be read from either end? ... that Northern Irish ex-MP Bernadette Devlinand Peruvian MP Hugo Blanco took part in the 1980 election campaign of the Catalan Unity for Socialism? ... that Maria Komissarova was the first-ever woman to win aWorld Cup medal for Russia in the ski cross? ... that the Huxley Hoard, discovered near Huxley, Cheshire in 2004 and now on display at the Museum of Liverpool, consists of 21 flattened silver bracelets and one silver ingot? ... that Angela Stent is on the advisory committee of Women in International Security, an organization dedicated to promoting women's careers in the field of national security? ... that the golf course in Gura, Eritrea allowed players to lift theirgolf balls from bomb craters and trenches without penalty?

The oceangoing (anadromous) form, including those returning for spawning, are known as steelhead in Canada and the U.S.^[27] In Tasmania they are commercially propagated in sea cages and are known as ocean trout, although they are the same species.^[28]

Like salmon, steelhead return to their original hatching grounds to spawn. Similar to Atlantic salmon, but unlike their Pacific Oncorhynchus salmonid kin, steelhead are iteroparous (able to spawn several times, each time separated by months) and make several spawning trips between fresh and salt water, although fewer than 10 percent of native spawning adults survive from one spawning to another.^[29] The survival rate for introduced populations in the Great Lakes is as high as 70 percent. As young steelhead transition from freshwater to saltwater, a process called "smoltification" occurs where the trout undergoes physiological changes to allow it to survive in sea water.^[30] There are genetic differences between freshwater and steelhead populations that may account for the smoltification in steelheads.^[31]

Juvenile steelhead may remain in the river for one to three years before smolting and migrating to sea. Individual steelhead populations leave the ocean and migrate into their freshwater spawning tributaries at different times of the year. Two general forms exist—"summer-run steelhead" and "winter-run steelhead". Summer-run fish leave the ocean between May and October, before their reproductive organs are fully mature. They mature in fresh water while en route to spawning grounds where they spawn in the spring. Summer-run fish generally spawn in longer, more inland rivers such as the Columbia River. Winter-run fish are ready to spawn when they leave the ocean, typically between November and April, and spawn shortly after returning to fresh water. Winter-run fish generally spawn in shorter, coastal rivers typically found along the Olympic Peninsula and British Columbia coastline,^[21]and summer-run fish are found in some shorter, coastal streams.^[32] Once steelhead enter riverine systems and reach suitable spawning grounds, they spawn just like resident freshwater rainbow trout.^[21]

Freshwater resident rainbow trout usually inhabit and spawn in small to moderately large, well oxygenated, shallow rivers with gravelbottoms. They are native to the alluvial or freestone streams that are typical tributaries of the Pacific basin, but introduced rainbow trout have established wild, self-sustaining populations in other river types such as bedrock and spring creeks. Lake resident rainbow trout are usually found in moderately deep, cool lakes with adequate shallows and vegetation to support production of sufficient food sources. Lake populations generally require access to gravelly bottomed streams to be self-sustaining.^[23]

Spawning sites are usually a bed of fine gravel in a riffle above a pool. A female trout clears a redd in the gravel by turning on her side and beating her tail up and down. Female rainbow trout usually produce 2000 to 3000 4-to-5-millimetre (0.16 to 0.20 in) eggs per kilogram of weight.^[24] During spawning, the eggs fall into spaces between the gravel, and immediately the female begins digging at the upstream edge of the nest, covering the eggs with the displaced gravel. As eggs are released by the female, a male moves alongside and deposits milt (sperm) over the eggs to fertilize them. The eggs usually hatch in about four to seven weeks although the time of hatching varies greatly with region and habitat. Newly hatched trout are called sac-fry or alevin. In approximately two weeks, the yolk sac is completely consumed and fry commence feeding mainly on zooplankton. The growth rate of rainbow trout is variable with area, habitat, life history and quality and quantity of food.^[25] As fry grow, they begin to develop "parr" marks or dark vertical bars on their sides. In this juvenile stage, immature trout are often called "parr" because of the marks. These small juvenile trout are sometimes called fingerlings because they are approximately the size of a human finger. In streams where rainbow trout are stocked for sport fishing but no natural reproduction occurs, some of the stocked trout may survive and grow or "carryover" for several seasons before they are caught or perish.^[26]

Resident freshwater rainbow trout adults average between 1 and 5 lb (0.45 and 2.27 kg) in riverine environments, while lake-dwelling and anadromous forms may reach 20 lb (9.1 kg). Coloration varies widely between regions and subspecies. Adult freshwater forms are generally blue-green or olive green with heavy black spotting over the length of the body. Adult fish have a broad reddish stripe along the lateral line, from gills to the tail, which is most pronounced in breeding males.^[9] The caudal fin is squarish and only mildly forked. Lake-dwelling and anadromous forms are usually more silvery in color with the reddish stripe almost completely gone. Juvenile rainbow trout display parr marks (dark vertical bars) typical of most salmonid juveniles. In some redband and golden trout forms parr marks are typically retained into adulthood.^[17] Some coastal rainbow trout (O. m. irideus) and Columbia River redband trout (O. m. gairdneri)populations and cutbow hybrids may also display reddish or pink throat markings similar to cutthroat trout.^[18] In many jurisdictions, hatchery-bred trout can be distinguished from native trout via fin clips,^[19] typically placed on the adipose fin.^[20]

Life cycle[edit]

Rainbow trout, including steelhead forms, generally spawn in early to late spring (January to June in the Northern Hemisphere and September to November in the Southern Hemisphere) when water temperatures reach at least 42 to 44 °F (6 to 7 °C).^[21] The maximum recorded lifespan for a rainbow trout is 11 years.^[22]